Clear stamps are easier to stamp with because it is clear where they will go on the page. They require an acrylic mounting block. They are also not as detailed as the wood mounted stamp. Yellowing of clear stamps do not affect their ability to stamp.
Clings are woodmounted stamps without the wood. They have the precision of vulcanized rubber with some of the economy of clings. Use them on acetate blocks or, if they're bigger, lay them flat on a table and press your paper on them.
Adds dimension, softens the page and provides a blush of color. Inexpensive and versatile, it can be used to color in images such as line drawings or stamped images or it can be used to create texture and shadows.
Tim Holtz made his career on these pads. They create a worn look to flat light colored surfaces. They don't work as well on dark objects as the mottling of the ink is harder to see.
Dye inks dry very fast and will stamp lighter than the pad suggests. If you're going to color in a stamp, a dye ink will prevent blending with the marker
Woodmounted stamps allegedly form a sharper line with a crisper image. More detail can be stamped with them, unfortunately, it's harder to see where the image will go because the wood can get in the way.